Egypt, at the northeast corner of Africa on the Mediterranean Sea, is bordered on the west by Libya, on the south by the Sudan, and on the east by the Red Sea and Israel.
The source of economic, social, political and religious life grew from the Nile’s fertile banks and gave birth to a powerful civilization that invented writing and erected the first stone monuments some years BC.

The Egyptian populous is divided into four cultural groups consisting of Copts (Egyptians descended from the people of ancient or pre-Islamic Egypt), Bedouins (An Arab of any of the nomadic tribes of the Arabian, Syrian, Nubian, or Sahara deserts), Nubians (Any of a group of closely related Nilo-Saharan languages spoken in the Sudan) and Egyptian peasants or fellahin (Apeasant or agricultural laborer in an Arab country, such as Syria or Egypt).